The Effect of Article on the Economy Toulouse Dissertation

The Effect of Article on the Economy Toulouse - Dissertation Example Toulouse, the capital city of the region of Midi-Pyrà ©nà ©es in France, is situated on the Garonne River side, in a plain midway between the Atlantic sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is at present the fourth biggest city in France. Its international airport is just an hour away from Madrid, a one hour away from Paris and almost one hour and twenty minutes away from London. Airbus has done its best in increasing worldwide marketplace share for airplanes â€Å"Aviation industry is an essential part of the Toulouse economy (Toulouse is the home city of Airbus Industries) but is by no means the only high tech industry located there. The city has become Europe's leading space centre with CNES (French Space Agency), Matra Marconi Space, Alcatel Space Industry and Spot Image among others, all with their head offices around Toulouse† (13th Annual Computer Security Incident Handling Conference 2001). Toulouse has turned out to be a one of the center of spaceflight and aviation t in the past 20 years. In addition to 35,000 city dwellers 400,000 people from other part of the globe work in space industries or civil aviation; EADS/ Airbus is one of the largest employers in the area. This particular metropolis has remained comparatively unchanged in spite of the economic boom. Airbus provides tours with excellent services and facilities; and the tour for about 60 minutes consists of a guide who inform the background of the corporation; the screening of a historical / promotional video, and one can also observe the A380 production line. Airbus played a leading function in guaranteeing the sector elaborate communication and a common position on its various environmental impacts, on the foundation of scientific proof, and on the social and economic advantages it generates. The aim of the study is to identify how airbus has affected the economy of Toulouse since its inception in 1970. Due to the economic effect the industry has brought on Toulouse, this particular city has grown. The main reason for the city having grown is the a result of the aerospace industry, which has had a direct effect on the city of Airbus. Background of the Study: Airbus is a one of the leading aircraft and its producers have clients who focus on profitable know-how, technical leadership, and manufacturing competence which have added to its accomplishments in the industry. It was launched in 1970 as a European grouping of German, French, and later, UK, and Spanish business establishments. Air transport facility plays a key function in the economic growth and social development by addressing the rising demand for worldwide mobility. The advantages of air travel facility are becoming more available, more affordable and more significant to citizens from every economic environment and from every part of the world. The production of airbus is a clever move on the part of the top ranking Europe n ations, to complete with the operations of the US Being. Airbus is a configuration of smaller organizations combined into one large unit. The states that are the main players in Airbus are United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Spain. In recent times, airbus has done very well in increasing worldwide marketplace share for airplanes. Airbus is repeatedly trying to increase its market share by trying to reach out to new emerging marketplaces. These new marketplaces like India and China will play a big position in the future for airbus and boeing. Main industries of Toulouse are electronics, aeronautics, biotechnology, and space and information technology. Toulouse hosts the head office of the Airbus and assembly-lines of various airbuses such as A380, A340, A330 and A320. The others (A380, A32, A319 and A318’s interior furnishing) are in the state of Germany, Hamburg. Airbus intends to reposition Toulouse A 320’s bind assembling location to Hamburg, with A350 and A380 manu facture going in the opposite way, as a division of its Power8 Organization Plan initiated by its ex-CEO Christian Streiff. With the

Misconception about Being Muslim Means I Am a Terrorist Essay

Misconception about Being Muslim Means I Am a Terrorist - Essay Example Even if I am a Muslim, I am still worthy of becoming a normal person who does righteous deeds in the society and who disapproves of war as a solution to global conflicts. In social events or gatherings, I often hear people saying that "they are family of Muslims, maybe they are terrorists." In those moments, silence wraps my whole body. I felt that strange feeling of being different from all the others. Still, that statement did not cause me to feel anger nor did it trigger any violent reaction, emotions that others usually associate with my religion. In contrary to the misconception that I am a terrorist, my own background, as well as that of my family, will prove that I am not a terrorist. I am able to study without the school management questioning my credibility because I have done nothing that will lead them to suspect that I am a terrorist. I am living an ordinary life, and I have never been involved nor do I plan to engage myself in any illegal activity that will ruin my reput ation. Terrorists kill without notice; they take away priceless possessions not minding if people will get hurt, which is an indication that they do not have conscience. All people have conscience, and as human beings, Muslims also have conscience similar with the Catholics and the other religions in this world. However, people who have become terrorists may have experienced unpleasant events in their lives that caused them to no longer feel this emotion. Therefore, it is unfair to generalize that all Muslims are terrorists. Yes, I am a Muslim, and I do admit that I am capable of making mistakes, but those mistakes are the ordinary ones that do not affect the whole society. It can be those wrong decisions that I make, small decisions that only affect me and my family but not the whole world. There are good Muslim people who are not capable of hurting others for the reason that they have conscience, and I am one of those. On the other hand, there are also bad ones who hurt others and cause trouble in the society maybe because they have followed the wrong way and were influenced by certain things, persons, or life experiences. Hence, Muslims who have become terrorists are not authentic members of the Islamic church. These terrorists are creating their own laws, laws that are not found in any page of the holy book of Qu'ran. The great devotion of the Muslims to Allah is a manifestation of their unconditional faith to the doctrines of Islam, which do not include terrorism. Most people say that all terrorists are Muslims; fundamentally, it is partly true because they grew up listening to the teachings of Islam. However, the moment they decided to engage themselves in acts that cause harm or death, they have rejected the essence of this religion, in other words, terrorists are not genuine Muslims. They may be Muslims by name, but they are not Muslims by heart. In the first place, if these terrorists are concerned with their fellow Muslims, they could not have propag ated those wars, or spearheaded the terrorists’ attacks that killed the lives of the innocent Muslim people. Everyone is entitled to say their own opinion, but it gets hurtful when they easily judge not only me but also my fellow Muslim brothers and sisters as terrorists. I can say that I am Muslim by blood and spirituality, but I am not a terrorist. I condemn those acts same with other people because I believe that terrorism is making all

Funeral Home Business Plan

Funeral Home Business Plan EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Death is an inevitable phenomenon. When one dies, it is inorder that he or she gets a good send off from friends and family members. Ohio, one of the greatest states in America has numerous towns with funeral homes. However, they do not offer an all round service for the disease. Unfortunately, Monroe, one of the towns in Ohio has no funeral home consequently citizens move to other towns, an expensive and time-consuming issue. This plan outlines the strategy by which a new funeral home, Dobrozsi will define and dominate a new perspective of funeral service provision in Monroe town, Ohio State and extend to the whole USA. It also focuses on the untapped opportunity in the cremation of the dead bodies. Up to now, very few funerals home are cremating the dead bodies. Change in worshipping has resulted into many people going for cremation instead of burial. The plan outlines how these opportunities will be made use of to increase the business scope and turn over there by increasing the profit margin of the business. It will also bring out how these services will be achieved in both the long and the short time. It explains how it shall use the competitive advantage to ensure that it is on top of the business. The plan also brings out the mission, vision, and the objectives of the business. It analyzes the mission of the business its vision and goals as well as the organizational culture. The business will be built on the philosophy of divided we fall united we stand this means that the business can not do a lone minus the other key stakeholders in the sector which include the families, employees, the owners and the environment at large. It describes the culture and what will be done to attain the culture of the business. On a different perspective, the plan describes the business to be started. It gives a brief summary of the business, the type of the business, which is Limited Liability Company. It clearly defines the shareholder who is the sole owner of the business. The plan analyzes the opportunity available through research and how the opportunities will be exploited. The plan identifies the very good and many good opportunities, the entities already in the market, how the incoming entity will take a competitive advantage over the other rivals and outwit them. It mentions the available competitors in the market. It goes ahead to discuss the marketing strategy and plan that the business would use. In this chapter, it discuses identification of the customers or consumers of the product will be identified and mechanisms to reach them. Market segmentation is discussed in this chapter with at least four different segments that the business will try to meet in its endeavors to provide the best quality diseases. It identifies the target markets out of these segments and a market strategy to reach to them. It discuses management and operations of the service business the entity is going to engage in to meet the needs of the customers. The competition in the business has been described vividly together with the different buying patterns experienced in the industry. The plan also identifies the competitive edge and the sales strategy that may be employed to attain the target sales. To conclude, the plan gives a financial breakdown of the required amount for financing the project. It the goes ahead to give a request for funding and the exist strategy. It closes by giving appendix. MISSION, VISION AND CULTURE Mission The mission of the Dobrozsi Funeral Home is to take the best care of the families and friends in the time of a lost loved one by providing the homely environment. The facilities involved will help accommodate the families and friends and the homes serenity will give much consolation to them. The funeral home will, through provision of such services grow to be the best funeral home not only in the town but also in the state of Ohio and to the larger USA. It will use these service provisions to be the most profitable home in the environs. Vision The vision of the funeral home is to be the first successful funeral home in Monroe with the best service. This will be attained through provision of the highest quality services with well the best facilities in the state, well trained, and experienced personnel at the most affordable rates. Culture In order to achieve the set mission and vision, the funeral home will develop a culture of a combination of healthy work environment, hard work, and family and customer service. The healthy work environment will be ensured through provision of better working equipment to the employees with good pay in turn promoting hard work amongst them. The main concern of the funeral home is to take care of families at the point of bereave thus, they will form part of our culture achievable through provision of better services and more especially customer service. COMPANY DESCRIPTION Dobrozsi Funeral Home a comprehensive type or mode of a funeral home with unique services and characteristics form the other funeral homes. It will handle services for all faiths, cremation, and pre-planning on a location of 45050 Monroe at Ohio State found on street 6305 Hamilton along the Lebanon Rd with operations of the business scheduled to begin on February 1, 2011. It is going to be the first funeral home ever in Monroe. The funeral home will be a limited liability corporation (LLC) and the owner will hold all its shares. Evan Dobrozsi, the owner of the funeral home is known for his well-managed entrepreneurial skills that have helped him start up businesses resulting into changing lives of most citizens. With this motivation, he has decided to start up a funeral home at Monroe. This is will be a funeral home of its kinds though with competition from Middletown, Hamilton, Franklin, and Liberty Township and West Chester area having other different funeral homes. Making it an exceptional funeral home will be the normal home looking buildings together with different chapels of different sizes. The home looking building will create a home environment for the mourners giving them a sense of hope while the different chapels sizes will be due to different service-size demands. Their main intentions are to help in the celebration of a life well lived by the deceased, provide consolation, and hope to friends and relatives through services in the chapels. In addition, it will ensure better customer service to take on board the families as part of the organizational culture. OPPORTUNITY ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH State of Ohio has a population of about 11.5 million people being the seventh highest in the USA. The death rate of the USA citizens has been on the increasing note every year according to research conducted of late. In Monroe, the death rate has been significantly increasing with no funeral home around. The closest funeral homes are found in the other towns of the Ohio state, making people to move for long distances taking a lot of time before they get a funeral home.There is no funeral home in Monroe and the death rates are increasing considerably. This means that the cost of sending off a loved one is higher due to the additional costs incurred in transporting the bodies to and from the far funeral homes. It also leads to too much time wastage between the towns of the state and looking for a funeral home. Time lost is a very valuable resource and once lost can never be recovered. Many people in turn are getting disappointed and demoralized when they, in real sense as supposed to be consoled. Though there are funeral homes around, their services have been limited, slow, and expensive. Staffs in these funeral services lack the experience to offer the best funeral service. Whats more, they concentrate so much on the dead rather than on the people bereaved. There are no measures to console them. In addition, they do not take of other ways of sending off the loved ones such as cremation. The funeral homes having these facilities are very poor with inadequate number of employees some of whom do not have the skills to offer such services.Research has proved that many citizens are now going out of the state to look for a friendlier funeral home for the services of these loved one lost. Most of these funeral homes in any case, use the non-automated systems making service delivery ineffective. There is push towards cost, as people prefer funeral homes with low costs without compromising on the quality of the service offered. Majoring on these weaknesses of the competitors and the unavailability of the funeral homes in the state, Evan Dobrozsi created an opportunity and is about to venture into serious business. Dobrozsi funeral home will take up the opportunity by focusing much on the competitors weaknesses in order to strengthen them as well as taking the bigger opportunity of the lack of funeral homes in Monroe. In this case, it will enjoy the monopoly status within the region. It will bring services closer to Monroe citizens as compared to the others. MARKETING STRATEGY AND PLAN Identification of the customers In a bid to know the real customers of the funeral home, it is better to segment the market, dividing it in need categories. Most funeral homes if asked today will admit that they do not know their customers. American population is segmented in correspondence with generations making up the population. The funeral will hence concentrate on the generations. Statistics has proven that people age 23 and over are capable of making a purchasing decisions, thus our strategy will be to reach out to people of ages 23 and above. The funeral home will also target other faith that believes in the cremation of the dead. Most funeral homes have ignored this area for a very long time. Our better, high quality resources will enable us perform the cremation services to the bodies of the deceased who believe in the cremation. The most effective market among the segments id the Generation with a high demand and very little supply hence the funeral home will focus on the market. Market Segmentation Monroe has a family percentage of 76% with an average age of 39.7 years old. Our market segmentation will be based on the Americas division of people in terms of ages. We have realized that within these segments, generation as used by USAs demography, the purchasing power differs and focusing on all of them leading to a variety of market hence needs and services. The market divided according to decision makers on purchasing is has the following segments for focus: V.2.1 The GI Generation (born 1901-1924 and may be referred to us post World War I)   According to the USA demographics as at 2003, these are people who are now 76 years and above. In this business, it is the most active with a mortality rate of about 10.9% per annum. Due to this high mortality rate, they have to make funeral arrangements either by themselves for those not afraid or their caretakers will make for them. They in most cases have very little hope in living, more that is a fueling factor for their mortality. The new funeral home will take on this market with a lot of enthusiasm. V.2.2 The Silent Generation (born 1925-1945) With a mortality rate of 3.1%, most funeral homes tend to concentrate so much on them. Unexpectedly, the Boomers rather than the G1 have influenced them. Much of their lifestyles revolve mainly on the Boomers trying to much them. A reason that has made many funeral homes to concentrate so much in them is due to other causes of death other than natural attrition. It is considered the working generations with so much experience and many years of service. In effect, they are the richest and help the G1 and the Boomers meet their expectations of funeral services. V.2.3Boomers (also called the post World War II born 1946 through 1964)  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Compared to the two generations, their mortality rate is quite low about 0.5%. However, the majority of this generation are considered very productive, innovative and more enthusiastic than the above two generations. As a result, they are engaged in planning services and especially for funeral arrangements. For our success, we cannot leave the generation since they will bring business when are attracted to good and high quality services. We win them they bring business. V.2.4 Generation X (1965-1980)   Amongst all the cohorts, this is the last and the youngest with a low mortality rate but may experience some changes due to change of behavior. They are so adventurous, a fact that is currently changing their mortality rates. They believe in themselves but are also very influential not necessarily in death but they also participate in the funeral arrangements of their parents and grand parents. Even though they have very little to do with funeral matters, they still influence decisions regarding the funeral arrangements especially if they have no relations in Silent and G1 but boomers. The Target Market for the home The target market of the funeral home will be the G1, Silent, and the Baby Boomers. The three cohorts have different needs, tastes, and potential very significant in the operations of the funeral home. Through the three cohorts, the funeral home will learn how to provide differential high quality services to the customers and the families involved. The other target will be the less tapped opportunity in cremation services especially around Monroe. Many funeral homes fear venturing into this type of product and we shall take advantage of this fact to help us have differentiated products to the customers. Marketing Strategy Our culture is to enhance the correlation between the employees, the customer and the management, the funeral home focus will to establish a link between the three parties for the success of the business. This will be achieved through provision of high quality services to the consumers at an affordable price, ensure that the employees have the best working environment consequently, high return for the owner. The chapels will be available for the families of the bereaved to offer service to the deceased and get consolation that he or she has started a new life for the believers. MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS Having toured the funeral homes and seen the management of the homes below expectations. Dobrozsi funeral home will have the best management of human resources and the services delivered. It is going to gain a competitive advantage through provision of high quality services as compared to the rivals. It strategic management policies will ensure that it achieves the objectives, mission, and vision. The existing funeral homes are far from the people with low quality services and they have failed to offer-differentiated products to the varied needs and wants of the consumers. It is on this basis that the Dobrozsi funeral home will be managed in order to out do our competitors. From Portes five forces that affect the operation of the business, the funeral home shall develop better policies to enhance its effectiveness and avoid any further threats from the incoming entities in the same industry. Analysis of the service business to be implement In the event of death, a person has to be buried of cremated depending on the deceased culture and traditions. Since the remains of the deceased are never useful to the family members and relatives there is an option of a funeral home. Funeral homes universally offer some important services to the dead which includes Provision of a service for then deceased Ensuring that the body of the deceased is well preserved   and ready for viewing Moving of the body from the funeral home to residential home and to the burial site Provision of certain resources to aid the funeral such as casket, urns, remembrance products Providing immediate burial minus a service depending on the culture an tradition of deceased Providing cremations service not common to many funeral home Competition and Buying Patterns in the market People would choose a funeral home first for convenience purposes, service to the family and reputation derived from the funeral home. The biggest percentage goes for convenience in terms of location and costs. Monroe has not had a funeral home since time immemorial. Having identified the buying pattern, customers will go for the easiest and fastest option, we are going to launch our funeral home at Monroe to take up this opportunity. Freedom of worship has also changed the buying pattern. Many people are now joining the religious groups of their choices. Consequently, there has been an increased demand for cremation, an are not well exploited by the funeral homes. People are also becoming too religious. For this reason we are going to have different chapels of different sizes and we shall provide cremation to have competitive advantage not only over the rivals in the market but also for those who may want to join the industry. Competitive Edge Dobrozsi Funeral Home is one of the best homes to be started in Monroe. It will provide caring atmosphere with facilities to ensure a person is given a dignified send off by the home. It ensures that the remaining family members and friend are consoled in order to have the faith that one day they will meet again. The upcoming funeral home will explore its competitive edge to offer these values and functions and help promote the living standard of the employees. Its competitive edge is the fact that many have not ventured into the business in Monroe as well as the cremation, which is offered by very few funeral homes. It will uphold the values and purposes of a burial or a funeral for that matter. The values and the purpose of a funeral gathering is to appreciate someone for the life well lived, wish him a farewell and support the ones left behind with consolation. Sales Strategy In meeting our sales, a strategy has been laid down to ensure its achievements. The home will bring on board executive directs sales agent who will employ the process of personal selling to approach customer, present the product, convince the customer to purchase the product and close the sales. The sales executive may then request for more leads from the customer. Once a sale is closed, the customer will be like part of us. Through him, we shall reach other hundreds of customers out there VII. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS AND PROJECTIONS This analysis and plan aims at getting a loan of $ 184,000 with the total net worth of the business being. Our start-up expenses of $32,500 and asset purchases of $151,500 are to be financed by loan Start-up Funding Amount in $ Start-up Expenses to Fund 32,500 Start-up Assets to Fund 151,500 Total Funding Required 184,000 Assets Non-cash Assets from Start-up 58,500 Cash Requirements from Start-up 121,250 Additional Cash Raised Cash Balance on Starting Date Total Assets 235,300 Liabilities and Capital Liabilities Current Borrowing 184,000 Long-term Liabilities Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) Total Liabilities 184,000 Capital Planned Investment Owner 58,500 Investor Additional Investment Requirement Total Planned Investment 58,500 Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) (32,500) Total Capital 26,000 Total Capital and Liabilities 210,000 Total Funding 242,500 VIII. FUNDING REQUEST AND EXIST STRATEGY Starts up costs of a funeral home are much higher than businesses of the same size. The costs of cars are very high and the small amount of equipment that is needed is high. All these items are things that you have to have to operate a funeral home aside from the facilities. All the things that are in this list are things that are absolutely required and are not things that you can do without. To have a funeral home you must be able to embalm a body and make-up which you need tables for. The embalming table is stainless steel which is what makes it so expensive. You must have a van and a cot to make removals. Another big thing is the cost of the hearse with is probably the biggest expense cause it has to in a since be custom made. The last large expense is a cooler to keep bodies in that arent embalmed or are going to be cremated We are therefore requesting for a funding of $ 184,000 which we are sure to pay in the next one year that is a period of 12 months. The amount is to assist us get the required material for the start of the business. We shall repay the amount together with the interest required. On a straight line basis without the inclusion of the interest rate we are sure to pay the following amount: Amount borrowed $ 184,000 Period of repayment 12 months Monthly repayment 184,000 / 12 months = $ 15,333.33 per month Once the amount is paid up we shall be glad to be a member of the bank. All our proceeds shall be used through your good bank. We therefore humbly request for the financial assistance to help us achieve the objective and promote the lives of the people of Monroe by giving the family members of the deceased a good consolation and ensuring that the deceased is given the best send off by the people he or she loved. We are proud to be associated with you and we look forward to doing business. APPENDICES Appendix 1: Financial Requirements Appendix 1a): The financial requirements of the firm visa a viz the actual that we be used up during the implementation Item Cost Estimate/Actual Start-Up Expenses Accountant Fees 1500 Expensed Equipment 2500 Financial Institution Fees Identity Set/Stationary 3000 Insurance 5000 Legal Fees 10000 Licenses/Certificates/Permits 1000 Marketing Materials (cards) 2000 Payroll (with taxes) 2000 Professional Fees Other 2000 Travel Utilities 1500 Web Fees 2000 Other Total Start-Up Expenses 32500 Start-Up Assets Cash Balance for Starting Date Equipment 25000 Furniture Fixtures 30000 Leasehold Improvements Cars Rent Deposit Signage 3000 Utility Deposit 500 Other Total Start-Up Assets 58500 Total Start-Up Requirements 151500 Appendix 1 b): The required assets Item Quantity Cost Equipment Hearse 1 100000 Removel Van 1 35000 Embalming Table 1 2000 Removal Cot 1 1300 Prep Table 1 900 Embalming Pump 1 800 Church Truck 1 1000 Prep Stuff 1 2500 Cooler 1 8000 Other Costs Start-Up Investment-TOTAL $242500 Cash Reserve $121250 Total Start-Up Investment + Capital Reserve $363750 Appendix II: The Work plan and how the activities will be done PROJECT JANUARY MARCH APRIL JUNE JULY SEPTEMBER OCTOBER DECEMBER Drawing the plan Collection of the materials Seeking for funding Purchase of the assets Building project inception Doing a market research for determination of the demand level Getting the required people in time to begin business Registration of the company Appendix III: Statistics found out on the marker of the Monroe State Series 1 represents the Mortality rate of the Boomers Series 2 represents the Mortality rate of the Silent generation Series 3 represents the Mortality rate of G1 Generation

Platos Forms Essay -- essays research papers

I. Introduction Purpose I intend to show the validity of Plato's arguments about his theory of Forms. Aristotle, along with others, cross-examines Plato's proposals. Yet, I happen to see the potential of his point of view and would like to take a deeper look into his theory. The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the theory of Plato's Forms from his perspective and that of several others, including Aristotle. Topics The topics in which I will mainly focus on will be Forms as universals, Forms as separate entities (substances), Universe as two realities, and Forms as final causes. For the most part, the topics are interwoven together yet I will try to separate them in such a fashion as to provide sufficient arguments for each main topic. II. "In View of Plato's Theory of Forms" Topic #1: Forms as Universals "The essence of [Plato's] theory of Ideas (Forms) lay in the conscious recognition of the fact that there is a class of entities, for which the best name is probably "universal," that are entirely different from sensible things" (Allen 18). Plato's theory of Forms assumed that Forms are universal and exist as substances. Aristotle firmly disagrees with the idea of Forms being universals. In Scaltsas' Substances and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics, he defines universals as being "the object of understanding and thought, the object of knowledge, and indeed of scientific knowledge†¦" (33). Plato's first argument for his idea that Forms are universals uses mathematics and the sciences to explain his theory. According to Plato, science is the 'body of universal and necessary truths' (Jones 125). Jones also pointed out Plato's view that since math is a science, 'there must be forms to be the objects of mathematical knowledge.' "Nothing other than eternal, unchanging forms can qualify to be the objects of scientific knowledge." (Jones 125) Plato also described mathematical objects as being universals and separate substances (Cherniss 180). In Nicholas Denyer's article titled "Plato's Theory of Stuffs" he claims that Plato's argument on Forms, as universals, is valid. He believe... ...elements. Plato's arguments did have some value though but in order for them to stand with the highest merit, they should be revised and refined. There is much relevance for Plato's theory of Forms in today's society. Forms were a way in which Plato defined reality and they can still be used in order for others to find a reality for themselves. In looking at Plato's view, as well as others, it has helped me to see more clearly my concept of reality and the final causes in which I strive for. Forms exist still today; for example, Justice, Beauty, Equality, Truth, and Goodness. Even though people may not realize it, they are searching for final causes, or Forms. "It is easy to understand why and how the Forms are the ultimate objects of human striving. Since they are unchanging and pure, the Forms provide a type of satisfaction that is unavailable from any other source. Not only are we unable to completely possess them, which fires our desire, but also they endure, unlike lesser things that ultimately fall into nonbeing" (Teloh 134).

Personal Reflection †My life compare to the Amish Essay

The Amish had first been discovered in 1693, they are known for simple living and plain dressing. Even though they have been around for a very long time their ways of living are still very similar to what it was since the beginning. Unlike my ways of living, I have been on this earth for 16 years (still counting) and my ways of life have changed dramatically year after year. The Amish and I have some similarities and many differences. From the way the use of technology, our gender, our roles and status and even our religion. my life revolves around technology, from the moment I wake up to the moment I step into bed at the end of the day I am surrounded by technology. we might think technology is what makes the world go round. But the Amish thinks differ, they live their life with no use of technology what so ever. this means no phones, no television, no laptop, no electricity (only allowed in certain areas) and definitely no cars. they believe if too much technology is used, the community will slowly be separated from each other. which I believe is very correct. instead of using cars for transport, they would use horse – drawn buggies. my daily routine, everything I do most likely consist of the use of technology. throughout the day I use my phone, use my computer, I use car as a transport, and I am surround by electricity. I feel ashamed of myself because I think the use of technology is the only way someone can get through a day. As for gender, the Amish always had the male(father) as the head of the family. But in my house hold my mum(female) is the head of the house, which is completely opposite to the Amish. The Amish said that unmarried could work and married women had to work within the home . But in my life, women have a choice whether they want to work or stay home whether they’re married or not. when working I have the choice whether to give my pay to my mother or not. but according to the Amish, working children have to give all their pay to their father to support the family. The Amish are very close to one other and families are usually always nearby even after marriage. but where I am living, at the age of 18, family member are able to leave as they please and as far away as they want. since birth my mum never forced me into a certain religion, I was given the choice to choose which religion would suite me best. unlike me the Amish aren’t as lucky as I am, from birth have Christianity forced onto them, and every since that day their lives are now devoted to god. this means devoting  yourself to god before being accepted as an adult member. they are believe that they must obey god at all times. They strongly believe in peace and cooperation. unlike us people who think technology and money makes the world go round and that power is the key to happiness. And lastly our roles and statue, from a young age the Amish were taught their roles, kids would go to school till year 8. The males are always the leader of the family and the person who makes decisions for the entire family and sometimes community. they are also expected to have to work on farm to provide for the family. the females are expected to take care of the family and maintain the house. females usually don’t have jobs outside the house, but young women are usually school teachers. in our society the roles and status can be similar and very different compare to the Amish, in our society males can be the leader but so can the females, the roles in our society are more equal. both males and females can find jobs, do house chores and both can look after the family. And kids finish school at a much older age. in conclusion, the Amish ways of living compare to mine are very different. there is no right way or wrong in living life, both cultures have different views to thin gs so their beliefs to think will be different. At the end of the day we are all human, and we should all respect each other instead of stereotyping one another.

How and to what extend has sociological theorising enhanced my understanding of ’deviance’ and social control

Reflective Summary In may own thinking, I found out that human beings are social individuals and therefore, more often than not, their behaviour raises certain critical concerns. These issues need to be handled with utmost care in order to achieve social harmony. Social harmony implies healthy relationships and to a great extent, it is essential for any productive society. However, issues of deviance are a common feature that the society has grappled with since time immemorial. In this regard, I deduced that there is a relationship between society and deviance.Becker (1991), states that deviance is such activities or mannerisms that contravene the societal norms and customs. These norms include both formally established rules as well as informal rules that are socially respected. The formal rules are recognized on a wider scale and are usually referred to as law. They are also more elaborate and known to different communities. In addition, they are usually enforced by a governing bod y that has some level of authority over the rest. Hence, contravening those amounts to a crime (Anderson, 1997).Informal norms on the other hand are recognized by specific parts of the society and are more localized. Basically, each community has its established customs that act as checks to the behaviour of its individuals. They are adhered to by the members of the specific community that has its own way of punishing the people breaking them. These norms, both formal and informal are very dynamic and contextual in nature. To this effect, they are defined by the society that an individual belongs. Hence, Eugene and Muncie (2003) explain that some actions can be perceived deviant in some communities and not deviant in others.However, irrespective of the context, the societal customs are fundamental in enhancing social cohesion. This formed the basis of my thinking on the subject and developed an argument that deviance is socially constructed and correlates to the kind of adopted soci al control mechanism. In this regard, sociological theorizing has helped understand well the concept of how is deviance socially constructed and how to control it based on sociological perspective. Therefore, the identified literature and the foundation of my thoughts shall closely examine social construction of deviance and social control in line with criminological theorizing.Social Construction of Deviance Anderson (1997) indicates that deviance is a relative component of societies that largely manifests itself through behaviour. According to him, it is a normal aspect of any social relationships and it comes about as a result of the different relationships that human beings enjoy. Behaviour is a vital element of relationships that largely contributes to the manifestation of deviance in the society. According to Eugene and Muncie (2003), it entirely influences the health of relationships because if unsound, it leads to incidences of conflict.Conflicts, being a healthy aspect of s ocial relationships help the manifestation of deviance to come to the fore, either as causative agents or as measures used to solve them (Downes and Rock 2003:78). Notably, deviance creates disorder in a given society by affecting in many ways the functions of the same. It is known to have an impact on the existing societal principles. However, Anderson (1997) explains that not all deviant behaviour has negative implications on the existing norms. According to him, some deviance can bring about positive change in the society and help the society adapt to modernization.For instance, most traditional communities used to prescribe jobs depending on the sex of an individual. However, deviance to this has seen people take up any type of job and today, qualifications as opposed to sex determines which jobs different people take up. To this respect, it is notable that deviance helps individuals embrace change accordingly by adjusting the present rules to be in line with the societal expect ations. Deviance forms a significant part of human behaviour and therefore seemingly, it can not be completely eliminated from the society.The role it plays in the shaping human behaviour makes it one of the key determinants of the frequency of deviance in the society (Becker 1991:48). It should be appreciated that behaviour is a basic element of social relationships and thus deviance, through its incorporation in behaviour, is largely a component of social relationships. Deviance is a process that takes time to develop as well as manifest basically through acts of opposition (Becker, 1991: 108). As a result, it also takes the authorities’ time to address it accordingly and satisfactorily.Time is an essential aspect of social events as it is through this that they are manifested. Arguably, deviance, being the sole event here, is a social event. Downes and Rock (2007) acknowledge that deviance is an aspect that undergoes a series of phases before it can have an impact on the g iven society. They explain that before it begins to develop in the mind of an individual, societies often tend to be in harmony. At this stage, individuals therein have some common knowledge and perception of the norms that govern them.In addition, the individuals in the society at this level hold ‘their’ norms in high regard (Downes and Rock, 2007: 89). The first trigger of this process is the introduction of an external aspect from elsewhere that initiates differences with regard to perception. However, manifestations of deviance take time and therefore at this level, societal order is still maintained. The second stage is when individuals try to justify whether the aspect should be accepted or not. Usually, this stage attracts a body of knowledge and the aspect is wholly defined, as well as related to the normal life (Becker 1991: 59).In addition, an effort is made to make the society acknowledge that knowledge is a continuous process that should be mainstreamed in t he normal way of life. The next step is the internalization of the aspect. Here, the aspect is learned by the society and entrenched into its system. It is accepted by all stakeholders and institutionalized as a normal aspect of the way of life in that particular society. According to Anderson (1997), both the authorities and the locals uphold the basic elements of the aspect. At this level, social order is still enjoyed because manifestations of deviance are yet to begin.In addition, on a larger scale, this aspect is considered as a norm upheld by the society. It should be appreciated that despite this, there exists individual perceptions that are varied and that that counter this general view. These varied views are the key aspects of deviance and with time, they manifest. The final step is when the workability of the aspect is disputed by the individuals whose initial perception was contrary to the rest. At this stage, individuals develop opposing opinions and behaviour (Downes a nd Rock 2007: 84).This is the final stage of deviance and it is what leads to the disruption of the societal operations. This comes about as a result of the individuals with varied perceptions to the aspect, also referred to as moral entrepreneurs, openly manifesting their views. This then initiates change in the society after a series of consultative and informative sessions by all stakeholders. Social Control Social control as formed by the rich literature refers to the tools that are used to make human behaviour in a given society be consistent to the norms and regulations of the given society (Keel, 2008: 201).These tools are basically acknowledged and employed by the specific society to enhance social relationships. However, according to Keel (2008), some tools are cross societal and are internationally recognized and appreciated by all cultures and societies. According to Keel (2008), I have identified two dimensions of social control mechanisms: informal and formal. Informal social controls refer to certain principles that are defined by a society and those that check the behaviour of individuals at a personal level (Anderson, 1997: 296).According to Anderson (1997), they are usually part of a person’s personality and have proven to be more effective in controlling behaviour than the formal ones. These include aspects like religion. Religion usually prescribes some kind of behaviour that is usually socially and morally acceptable. It aims at upholding the values and virtues that are morally upright. By adhering to the propositions of religion, individuals are able to relate well and therefore achieve social cohesion. Those that do not uphold the teachings of religion are looked down upon by the entire society.This act encourages people to act in accordance to the teachings of religion and thereby enhance socially acceptable relationships. Another most common mechanism that is widely employed across cultures to shun unacceptable behaviour is ridic ule. Keel (2008) considers it a shameful act that most individuals can not bear. It is usually unlikely that a person who is ridiculed will at any time repeat the act as this has a negative impact on the guilt of a person. Customs are also often used in regulating deviant behaviour (Anderson 1997).It is because they prescribe a standard code of conduct that should be followed by the society. Persons who break these rules face various punishments administered by the societal leaders on behalf of the entire society. For instance, in some societies, individuals whose behaviour contravenes the provisions of the customs are usually sent away, given physical punishments or asked to pay fines. Discrimination is also widely employed in regulating conduct. To this effect, most people find it difficult to associate with individuals who have socially unacceptable behaviour (Eugene and Muncie 2003:45).This is due to the fear of picking up the same or the fear of being caught on the wrong side o f the law. Increasingly, social misfits are being isolated and more often, they do not freely interact with the rest of the society. Discrimination makes such individuals feel victimized and as such, they are able to correct their behaviour accordingly (Becker 1991: 69). The society also highly criticizes unacceptable behaviour. Criticism can have a very negative impact on the personality of a person because it highly damages the confidence of a person and not so many people are usually ready to experience this (Keel, 2008).Therefore, it is a measure that is widely employed by different societies to control the behaviour of their people. In addition, the society can directly disapprove any socially unacceptable behaviour. Persons contravening social norms can be directly forewarned by for instance parents and other relatives. This move makes the people to change accordingly and adapt behaviour that is in line with societal expectations. There are formal measures that are also adopte d to check the behaviour of individuals and groups in the society. In states that value social equity, Eugene and Muncie (2003, p.52) argue that all the individuals of the respective society are given equal chances to contribute to the establishment of the laws. These laws either directly or indirectly reward individuals whose behaviour corresponds with the societal rules and expectations. They also rebuke the kind of behaviour that is not in line with the expectations of the society. These measures are usually created by the law enforcement agencies in consultation with other major stakeholders. They are always in form of laws that are official and legal.However, Keel (2008) points out that these laws may require a certain kind of force while enforcing them especially in instances where consultation was not done. Individuals who violate these are called criminals and are often punished according to the provisions of the laws (Eugene and Muncie: 2003: 54). Specifically, they are tak en to prisons from where they face their punishment. Erich and Angus (2008) explain that the level of punishment depends on the gravity of the crime that the individuals committed. On the contrary, their counterparts are always rewarded by the body that established the rules.Hence individuals in most instances work towards maintaining socially acceptable relationships and adhere to the rules and laws provided by the governing body. It should be appreciated that not all individuals who break the law are taken to prisons. According to Keel (2008), some are usually punished by making them pay fines to compensate for the damage caused. Further, not all individuals who commit crimes are arrested. At this juncture, it is worth noting that in many ways every individual is deviant. It is just that the level and type of deviance differs and it is this that differentiates crime from other forms of deviance.Social deviance and social controls have different implications on deviant behaviour. B y explicitly exploring the patterns of deviance in the society, Keel (2008) explains that one can be able to understand why some individuals are more deviant than others. The social controls are very important because through them one is able to indentify deviance and its root in a given society (Anderson 1997). This can certainly be achieved because the social controls aim at screening different types of behaviour. Consequently, deviant behaviour can easily be identified and regulated accordingly.Becker (1991) state that studying the realms of deviance helps one to understand that the behaviour is recurrent. As such, we are able to come up with people friendly measures that can help regulate this conduct as well as ensure that we benefit from it. Conclusion In conclusion, as opposed to my views before the study of perceiving deviance negatively, I realise that social deviance is an aspect that should be appreciated by the society and especially those in authority because of the rol e it plays in the growth of the society.In deed, without this, we could still be dwelling in the ancient eras. It is basic in highlighting aspects of change in the society and if well controlled, it should not pose any threats to the wellbeing of the same. Contrary to my knowledge that individuals who constantly experience deviance exhibit anomaly in their behaviour, is not really correct. In fact, I have discovered that social deviance is a very vital aspect of behavioural growth and it should be appreciated.

What Is Chekhovs Gunâ€and 4 Simple Ways to Use It (With Examples!)

What Is Chekhovs Guns!) What Is Chekhov's Gun and How to Use It The term "Chekhov's Gun" refers to the words of the early 20th Century playwright and author Anton Chekhov: â€Å"If in Act One you have a pistol hanging on the wall, then it must fire in the last act.†It's a literary rule that authors, screenwriters, and storytellers everywhere know, but perhaps struggle to define. In this post, we’ll outline just what is â€Å"Chekhov’s Gun† and give you pointers on how to (and how not to) use it. What is Chekhov's Gun and how do you use it? Find tips and examples here! What is Chekhov’s Gun?Chekhov's Gun is a plot device that people often confuse with foreshadowing, so let’s quickly clear up how they differ:Chekhov’s Gun refers to the unspoken agreement that a writer won’t make â€Å"false promises† to a reader by introducing elements that are unexplained. In other words, if you draw attention to something, you will eventually need to reveal why it's worth noticing.Foreshadowing involves almost the opposite: the writer hints at something they only want the reader to kind of notice. The reader’s attention is not directly pointed to a specific element; the element is simply presented so that the reader is aware of it. To learn more about foreshadowing, go here for our in-depth take on the tactic. In Great Expectations, Magwitch is an example of Chekhov's Gun (image: BBC Films)The significance of Magwitch is merely brushed upon in these opening scenes, but readers are not immediately given the sense that he will play a crucial role in Pip’s life. Which, of course, turns out to be very untrue as it is later revealed that Magwitch is Pip’s secret benefactor - a major, albeit behind-the-scenes, influencer of Pip’s life and his â€Å"great expectations.†Why it works: The role of Magwitch is an effective use of Chekhov’s Gun because he is introduced to us an in an unusual and questionable way, which places significance on him. The mystery surrounding the circumstances of his conviction and his relationship to the second convict Pip encounters provokes us just enough to wonder what role this man might play in the story - and yet doesn’t place too much emphasis on him so that we’re expecting the grand reveal when it happens. Here are four ways to use Chekhov's Gun to take your writing to the next level. You don’t need to follow Chekhov’s Gun rule to a tee, circling back to every single detail in a story. This will surely exhaust your readers. Instead, think of Chekhov’s Gun as a reminder that you shouldn’t leave extraneous details scattered throughout your story - make your words count, and place significance on the details that matter to the story.Do you have examples of "fired guns" in your own writing? Or examples of novels that have subverted Chekhov's Gun rule? Do you have any further questions about the subject? Leave your thoughts for us in the comment box below!

Finding Book Reviews

Finding Book Reviews Wherever you find authors collected, the topic will come up: Where do you get your book reviews? Word-of-mouth is considered the best tool to spread the word and make sales for your book; however, book reviews count for a lot, too. When you consider that Amazon considers review activity when selecting books for their promotional specials, you realize that word-of-mouth might not necessarily reach Jeff Bezos ears, so you beat the bushes for reviews. Authors have two main questions when it comes to book reviews: 1) Where do you find the reviewers? 2) How do you get books to those reviewers once you find them? Reviewers can come from anywhere. The well-known reviews from Kirkus, Publishers Weekly, and   the like handle mainly traditional books. Often there are costs to achieving these reviews in terms of payment, membership, or subscription. Indies have an uphill battle as do the smaller of the small presses. And you already know that competition is fierce, so assuming you can get some of these bigger sites to accept your book, the wait might be for months. Consider these reviewers: 1) The Indie View theindieview.com/ 2) Omnimystery mysteriousreviews.com/mysterious-reviews.html 3) NPR Books npr.org/books/ 4) Net Galley https://www.netgalley.com/ 5) eBook Crossroads ebookcrossroads.com/book-reviewers.html 6) RT rtbookreviews.com/ 7) Goodreads goodreads.com 8) Midwest Book Reviewers midwestbookreview.com 9) List of other reviewers on MBR midwestbookreview.com/links/othr_rev.htm 10) Book Review http://bookreview.com/$spindb.query.bottom.booknew 11) Publishers Weekly publishersweekly.com/ Review copies are a hidden cost of publishing, whether traditional or indie. Ive probably given away between 250 to 300 books in my efforts to seek reviews. Except for 50 ARCS my publisher gave me, I paid an authors discount for those books. Thats creeping into the thousands of dollars. I keep anywhere from 20 to 100 of each title on stand Lessons Ive learned about acquiring reviews? 1) Not everybody who offers to review the book will follow through. It stings, I know. And it can be anyone a tenured professor from UNC, a childhood friend, your librarian, trusted peers, parents, amazing fans who profess to idolize but whom you never hear from again. Thats the business. You cannot make it personal. The best you can do is not let them review again. 2) People love the book or having met you, but their life is not you and your book. Their life takes them elsewhere, and reviews arent high on their list of things to do. . . unless thats specifically what they do. 3) The cheaper the cost of the book, the less professional the reviews. Not a 100 percent maxim, but pretty close. There are readers out there who troll for free and 99-cent books, and they have no qualms about throwing nasty up on Amazon or Goodreads. 4) Many book reviews sites and professional reviewers ask for your book, but that doesnt guarantee you will land a review. They take reviewers seriously, and often the better books consume their time. Remember, competition is fierce. Sometimes you dont make the cut. 5) People are more likely to review a print book than an ebook. Your ebook is hidden amongst hundreds on a Kindle or Nook. Out of sight, out of mind. A print book has to sit someplace, chances are more visibly, giving your striking cover the opportunity to beckon the reader and remind them to read and review. And to a reviewer, a print book sometimes represents a more serious commitment from the author. Mailing a book is often a $10+ commitment. Absolutely nothing is absolute in the publishing business. So when prepping for your book release, build the cost of review copies into your budget and know that you wont get 100 percent return on your investment. And continue to hope that a few reviews become serious nuggets for your website, press releases, and maybe your cover.

Culture of FearWhy Barry Glassners Book Matters

Culture of FearWhy Barry Glassner's Book Matters The unsettling news of the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 was still lingering when another Malaysia Airlines flight was destroyed by a surface-to-air missile over the eastern Ukraine in July  2014. Later that year, an Indonesia AirAsia flight crashed into the ocean, killing all on board. Less than a year later, 150 people were murdered when a pilot intentionally crashed a Germanwings jet into the French Alps. With sensational news stories like these circulating in our media, its no wonder that the dangers of air travel are on the minds of many. Seated on a plane as its engines rev for takeoff, one cant help but think about the possibility of disaster. But truth be told, the risk of flight is actually quite small. The risk of being involved in a crash that results in deaths is just 1 in 3.4 million, and the risk of being killed in a crash a slim 1 in 4.7 million. In other words, you have a 0.0000002 percent chance of dying in a plane crash (this according to data compiled by PlaneCrashInfo.com, covering the years 1993-2012). By comparison, one has a far greater risk of dying in a car crash, while playing American football, canoeing, jogging, cycling, or attending a dance party.  Really. Glassners Culture of Fear Thesis Explains Our Misplaced Concerns So, why do we fear the wildly unlikely while many realistic threats go unnoticed? Sociologist Barry Glassner wrote a book about this very question  and found that by focusing our fear on non-threats, we actually fail to see the very real threats to our health, safety, rights, and economic well-being that ever-present throughout our societies. More than anything, Glassner argues  in The Culture of Fear  that it is our  perception  of the danger of things like crime and plane crashes that has grown, not the actual threats themselves. In fact, in both instances, the risks these pose to us have declined over time, and are lower today than they were in the past. Through a series of compelling case studies, Glassner illustrates how the profit-model of journalism compels media to focus on unusual events, especially bloody ones. As a consequence,  Atypical tragedies grab our attention while widespread problems go unaddressed. Often, as he documents, politicians and heads of corporations fuel these trends, as they stand to benefit politically and economically from them. The costs to us and to society can be great, as Glassner writes,  Emotional reactions to rare but disturbing events also lead to expensive and ineffective public policy. An example of this phenomenon is Jessicas Law, which requires all sex offenders in the state of California, even if they had only offended once as a juvenile, to see a psychologist before being paroled (previously this happened only if they had offended twice). As a result, in 2007 no more offenders were directed to psychiatric help than had been previously, but the state spent $24 million in just one year on this process. News Media Fails to Adequately Cover Real Threats By focusing on unlikely but sensational threats, news media fail to cover actual threats, and thus they tend not to register in public consciousness. Glassner points out the exceptional media coverage that surrounds the kidnapping of toddlers (primarily those who are white), when the widespread  systemic problems of poverty and underfunded, inadequate education, which affect vast numbers of children in our society, go largely ignored. This happens because, as Glassner observes, dangerous trends that have been around for a long time are unappealing to the media they are not new and, so, not considered newsworthy. Despite this, the threats they pose are great. Getting back to plane crashes, Glassner points out that while news media are honest with readers about the low risk of flight, they sensationalize that risk nonetheless, and make it seem much greater than it is. By focusing on this non-story, they divert resources from covering important issues and real threats that deserve our attention and action. In todays world we would be better served by reporting- especially by local news sources- on threats like that to our well-being posed by economic inequality, which is at its highest in nearly a century; the forces that conspire to produce an increasing number of mass-shootings; and the many and varied  threats posed by systemic racism to what will soon be the majority of the U.S. population.

Taking FYC TO The Next Level Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Taking FYC TO The Next Level - Essay Example Numerous companies usually utilise the intranet however they do not make complete utilisation of the intranet and this is mainly due to the reason that it does not work in sync with the objectives of the company (Kennedy & Dysart, 2007). An extranet has been defined as, ‘An extranet is a private network that uses Internet technology and the public telecommunication system to securely share part of a businesss information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other businesses’ (Search Enterprise, 2009). The company has two types of customers, i.e. retail and wholesale. The company can use the extranet for the wholesale customers. The customers can be provided with complete access to the extranet where they can also make orders and keep the company updated with the requirements online. The extranet can also be used as a reorder system where inventory can be reordered automatically (Kennedy & Dysart, 2007). The company should also allow each store to log into the system and share their details of the existing stocks, the trend of sales, exchange documents and make comments. FYC can use the extranet and intranet for several different purposes which include a wide range like the production processes, sourcing and supply chain departments, operations and admin teams, human resources team and the customer service teams. The customer service team can use these as a faster mode to respond to customer queries and to assist customers in a more effective manner. In terms of the sourcing and the supply departments the company can use the extranet to communicate the needs for the raw materials, and all the procurement processes. In terms of the human resources teams the company can use the system to create a centralised system which will allow the company to ensure a complete balance and also a centralised payroll for all stores which will help the finance teams directly as it will be effective and easier for the invoice creation

Response on group members posts on black board Essay

Response on group members posts on black board - Essay Example ), whereas you were supposed to tell how Alfredo would eat brussel sprouts in operational terms. Response 2 I totally agree with you. Yes, we are required to show the behaviors when we are told to express them in operational terms. This is the right way of paying attention in operational terms, but the student could have made it easier by tracing the text with his finger while he does the rest. That is right, but it more like a definition of the phrase â€Å"running down the hallway†. Please incorporate some expressions to make it sound more operational! Right, eating the brussel sprouts includes the three activities you have mentioned, but spice that up with the person’s expressions, tell if the taste was appealing etc. Response 3 I appreciate that you have chosen to analyze different tasks. This will broaden our understanding of the target behaviors in operational terms. From the way you have made the boy avoid the task, he is more of retaliating than avoiding the tas k. When the boy is lying on the floor and kicking his legs in the air, he seems to be protesting against something that is being done to him, and may be the parent, teacher or guardian that is asking him to do that will force him to do that.

Career Counseling 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Career Counseling 3 - Essay Example ring the statistics for the state in which I intend to work as a practicing counselor – Texas – the figures are generally similar to the national average, with Texas being slightly higher in most categories: the state median for wages is $28.18, with the state average for annual counseling wages is $58, 600, and the prospective job prospects for the future within the state increasing by 31% in 2018. The videos related to the counseling profession were enlightening in a number of regards; for instance, the mental health counselor video demonstrated to great regard how the profession functions by providing real life depictions of counselors in action, it also described the requirements to become a counselor in the specific field, as well as discussing benefits and disadvantages. The Bureau of Labor statistics site information on the counseling profession was perhaps the most comprehensive of all the information supplied; I greatly appreciated the detailed discussions on t he nature of the work, the potential future employment opportunities, and the necessary qualifications for the profession. I completely agree with your assessment of the information on the designated sites. I also agree that the sites were very impressive with the extent of information they contained regarding labor statistics. For instance, the information on the employment trends, including median wages and future employment opportunities for the specific profession were very enlightening material. I also agreed with you on the significant details these sites held in regards to the state specific information; while nationwide information is relevant, to gain a true understanding of the employment environment it’s necessary to have this state specific information to gain a more realistic perspective on the actual career potential within the counseling field. Ultimately, I completely agree with your assessment of the information on the labor sites. There are a great many ways in which career

Smoking Cessation Among Nursing Students at a Local University Research Paper

Smoking Cessation Among Nursing Students at a Local University - Research Paper Example Therefore, the study secondarily aims to determine a suitable goal rate for this population considering nurses are already meeting the national objective. Problem Statement There is considerable research available regarding the ill health effects of smoking. In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that five million people were killed – more than HIV/AIDS, or malaria together. Further, they reported that it is â€Å"the single most preventable cause of death in the world today† (WHO, 2008). Healthy People 2020, a report by the Surgeon General, suggest that a paramount objective regarding smoking is to implement policies to reduce tobacco use and initiation among youth and adults (HealthyPeople.gov, 2011). The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services state that smoking cessation programs have been proven to work (2011). Currently, Nameless University does not have a smoking cessation program in place. In order to remove the access barrier that currently exists, a pilot study will test whether a smoking cessation program is feasible and effective to employ long-term. Purpose of the Study The overall purpose of this study is to encourage nursing students who smoke to cease smoking before they enter the medical workforce. Initially, this will be a pilot study to determine the effectiveness of the health promotion smoking cessation program. Additional pilot study goals include the following: (1) To study the outcomes by participants during and after health promotion training. (2) To study whether the implementation of the health promotion smoking cessation program achieved its objectives. (3) To study the factors and conditions affecting the success of the smoking cessation program. If the... This paper approves that the issue of smoking among nursing students has attracted attention throughout the world. It is important for nurse faculty to recognize the scope of the problem and to lend support to programs designed to promote smoking cessation. Nurse faculty possess knowledge and skills regarding health promotion, and they should consider working collaboratively with student health service personnel to promote smoking cessation on their respective campuses. Research suggests that many college students want to quit smoking. Faculty should seize opportunities to support students in this effort and to raise awareness of services available to help student smokers quit. The relatively less-encouraging smoking data among nursing students suggest the need to promote tobacco education and intervention efforts in this population. This report makes a conclusion that health professional schools, public health organisations and education officials should discourage tobacco use among health professionals and work together to design and implement programmes that train all health professionals in effective cessation counselling techniques. Given the concerns as to tobacco smoking of students who are supposed to be advocates for healthy lifestyle, further investigations could be of help to determine why student nurses do not want to cease their smoking habits. The formulation of an internationally standardized explanation for tobacco smoking among this demographic may be of use to help standardize succeeding researches on cigarette smoking.

Postmans critique essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Postmans critique - Essay Example Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the strengths and weakness of his conviction. Postman explicates the manner in which computers are indispensable to high level researches in Physics and other natural sciences (Postman, 1992). He asserts that the main beneficiaries of computer technology are the winners, a group comprising of individuals who have already wielded the most power. This is ascribed to the element that the winners can easily tell losers to use novel technology in order to make their lives efficient. This shows that winners are already powerful and they use their position to increase power through technological advancements. For instance, large-scale organizations, such as financial institutions, large manufacturing companies, airlines, and even the state and federal government use novel technological knowledge to execute their duties; thus, making them excel over others (losers). Postman main argument is that technological disadvantages have exceeded the advantages. In explaining his assertion, he questions the use of computers that have negatively affected people’s lives by posing, â€Å"but to what extent has computer technology been an advantage to the masses of people?† (Postman, 1992). In asking this question, he tries to convince his readers that technology has not done any good to the masses. This is not true since computers have made work easier for businessmen, accountants, musicians, just to mention but a few. Associate professor of Communications, Mary Beadle, writes â€Å"Convenience, comfort and speed are valued; thus, old sources of beliefs such as church, school, family have diminished† (Beadle, 1995). This implies that the new technology have come up with novel ways of doing things that render the old ways obsolete. Postman makes a strong case for the fact that the primary disadvantage of â€Å"the losers† in the age of computers are those individuals and small businesses that

E-Business and E-Commerce Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E-Business and E-Commerce Project - Essay Example E-business has evolved and is continually changing to accommodate new technology, inventions and innovations. Since the first website appeared online; organizations, companies, and institutions went on a rush. It is not enough to be on-line with a domain name and a simple website. A good and well designed website is an important factor to consider. Website statics are a major concern for the management, who want to realize a return on investment for their money (Johnson 2010). Despite the overrated chants for this new-age business concept that has suddenly become the goal of many commercial organizations, not much has changed in the traditional way of handling various business processes (Jianfeng Wang 2010). E-business maintains the same principles of business operation as traditional commerce, that people, both sellers and buyers come together to exchange commodities and services over a network of computers. Ordering, buying, bidding, selling, customer services, enquiries and virtua lly all the business processes still uphold the underlying principles of commerce. E-commerce is a subset of the overall e-business strategy. It chiefly seeks to improve the buy-sell transaction activities in a business; as a result it increases the revenue. In a way e-commerce covers a range of on-line business activities for services and products, both businesses to customer and business to business on the internet as a platform. E-commerce breaks the process of on-line business into showing the scope activities and information that is provided to the customer to conduct business and online shopping. Quite a number of different functions go into the requirements of e-businesses. For instance, there are some basic functional necessities that cover the sort of specialized that perform the functions that run on the e-business mode. There are also other functions that cover the software and hardware requirements to carry out the same services. An analysis of how e-business verity cred it, process an order and how they fulfill the order as well as how they verity shipments and all or any post sales process needs to be considered while assessing the performance of an e-business. How the website works E- Commerce site uses database, all information about products on sale and the company is stored in a database which will be installed on the server provided by the company that provides hosting services. It aims at creating successful online businesses by providing tailored technology solutions that are scalable and flexible, use of search engine and interactive sites to solve the customer’s need as well as the producer’s business need. When creating an ecommerce site we should consider the nature of online business to be performed, its target customers and audience and well as the competitive environment in that particular business. In our case we intend to create an ecommerce website for an organization that produces and sells computers, printers and o ther electronics. We target worldwide retailers and wholesalers as our online clients. It should be well arranged and easy to navigate. An ecommerce web site has different types of menus. On the main menu we should have Home. This is where the information about the product and the company is found. It should be visually pleasing and quickly loading. It should features such as flash slides and music. It should include all features

Postmans critique essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Postmans critique - Essay Example Therefore, this paper seeks to analyze the strengths and weakness of his conviction. Postman explicates the manner in which computers are indispensable to high level researches in Physics and other natural sciences (Postman, 1992). He asserts that the main beneficiaries of computer technology are the winners, a group comprising of individuals who have already wielded the most power. This is ascribed to the element that the winners can easily tell losers to use novel technology in order to make their lives efficient. This shows that winners are already powerful and they use their position to increase power through technological advancements. For instance, large-scale organizations, such as financial institutions, large manufacturing companies, airlines, and even the state and federal government use novel technological knowledge to execute their duties; thus, making them excel over others (losers). Postman main argument is that technological disadvantages have exceeded the advantages. In explaining his assertion, he questions the use of computers that have negatively affected people’s lives by posing, â€Å"but to what extent has computer technology been an advantage to the masses of people?† (Postman, 1992). In asking this question, he tries to convince his readers that technology has not done any good to the masses. This is not true since computers have made work easier for businessmen, accountants, musicians, just to mention but a few. Associate professor of Communications, Mary Beadle, writes â€Å"Convenience, comfort and speed are valued; thus, old sources of beliefs such as church, school, family have diminished† (Beadle, 1995). This implies that the new technology have come up with novel ways of doing things that render the old ways obsolete. Postman makes a strong case for the fact that the primary disadvantage of â€Å"the losers† in the age of computers are those individuals and small businesses that

Role Model Considerations Essay Example for Free

Role Model Considerations Essay Through the discussions and readings, I gained extensive insight on the many aspects related to teaching. A teacher holds a respectable position in society and he should always try to maintain this through his conduct. A teacher’s primary duty is to teach. But in order to successfully do his duty, it is not just sufficient to be excellent in one’s subject. His class performance is judged not only on the basis of how he is teaching but also on the basis of how he is interacting in class. He should also try to be honest in other activities of school apart from teaching. I can confidently say that the readings and discussions have helped me in successfully achieving the three learning objectives of this week. It is extremely important to identify the potential impact of controversial personal conduct on employment and licensure. To be an honest teacher does not just imply an honest dissemination of knowledge but also points towards the rules and regulations set by the school authorities that a teacher should follow at any cost. Even if one is a good teacher, if he is dishonest in other activities of the school he should be considered unfit to continue with his job. This implies in the areas relating to boundary violations between teacher and students and issues relating to appropriate and inappropriate forms of communication with students as well. If a teacher’s character is not good, the students do not respect him. Ultimately if things go out of hand he may not only have to face a lot of shame for his misconducts but he might even get fired from his job. In my future endeavors I would make use of the facts that as a teacher one should be well versed with the rules and regulations of the institution he is teaching in. He should know the areas in which a student should be reprimanded and the issues in which the students have full rights. He should keep a check on his conducts and should never intentionally or unintentionally cross the line that is supposed to be between a teacher and a student. If a teacher is able to achieve all this he always remains in the hearts of the students long after they have passed out. A teacher should try to be an inspiration and not someone who is criticized and made fun of.

Environmental Degradation Due To Tourism: A literature review

Environmental Degradation Due To Tourism: A literature review Antarctica is certainly most exclusive place on earth. People have travelled and visited almost all the parts of Antarctica for more than hundreds of years. The issue here is whether the frequent visits of tourists have put into question the sustainability of tourism in this area. Antarctica is being used by various scientists to carry out research and experiments to determine climate, weather, and oceanic features in the rest of the world. Even though the expenses to visit this place is very high, people dont mind this factor as it is a lifetime experience for them. The author argues that the increase in tourism in Antarctica has led to the increase in the risk to the marine environment, terrestrial ecosystems and also has affected the national research programs. The species like penguins have started migrating to other locations from their usual spots because of the human species. The main access for the tourists to this place is with ships, which are not properly equipped and some of which have led to accidents resulting in oil spills. The oil spillage has put many species in the threat of being extinct. The problem is that how to make this tourism sustainable with reference to the ecological importance of the area. For this, the author puts forward few solutions, such as there should not be any resorts or hotels constructing on the shores of this area, as it affects the species around. These hotels and resorts dump a lot of wastes into the sea which spoils the water too. The government of Newzealand has made it compulsory for a government official to accompany the tourists ships to check whether they follow proper rules and regulations. As we know, it is difficult to keep an eye on the activities of tourists in these areas, but it is expected that a few more steps like above would make tourism sustainable in Antarctica. Article 2: Engagement with the private sector for sustainable tourism in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (Source: Report for Global Ministerial Environment Forum Dubai, 7 -9 February 2006) The Great Barrier Reefs the worlds largest coral reef system, composed of roughly 3,000 individual reefs and 900 islands that stretch for 2,600 kilometres (1,616mi) and cover an area of approximately 344,400 km ². The reef is located in the Coral Sea, off the coast of Queensland in northeast Australia. A large part of the reef is protected by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park. (www.cia.gov.com) Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority (GBRMPA) looks after the planning and management of the reef. The GBRMPA plays a critical role in strategically engaging the private sector in supporting research that protects and preserves the Reef. The private sector in Australia has an important part to play, adding its resources and voice to the quest to protect and preserve the Great Barrier Reef. The author explains the purpose of this move was to establish a general framework for both the conservation and the ecologically sustain-able development of the Reef. To do this the Authority brought a wide range of stakeholders into the planning process: tourism, fishing, conservation groups, Aboriginal interests, state and local governments, etc. All participated in discussions of the Reefs future and how to ensure it via responsible management of the Reef. Through its growing project portfolio, the GBRMPA provides a way in for business and philanthropy to invest in the Reefs future. Working in partnership with business, government and philanthropy, a strategic, collaborative and coordinated approach to Reef research and increases the pool of funding available to investigate and address the threats to the Great Barrier Reef. The author explains how private sector jumping in the main interest of the firms to earn from the park and the governments purpose of maintaining the park are both meet. The major hurdle is that there needs to be co-ordination between government, the private sector, local community and other stake holders to find a mutually beneficial outcome. Then the government needs to inform the major effects on the climate of the region. The government is participating in the training of the private sector employees so as to address the basic needs of the Reef including the safety of the marine life. Author argues that government will have to plan a flexible planning and managing approach so that the private sector can undergo innovations and site-specific outcomes. The trade off that the reef will have from this move will be beneficial for the eco system and the tourists visiting the place as well. The government provides incentives for the private sector to their contribution to the reef. The funds available for the government to maintain the place and also to nurture effective tourism are limited and therefore that is also one of the reasons why the government has moved into privatization. The government and the private sector are both striving forward to maintain the heritage of the site as they know the importance of the Reef very well. Article 3: Tourism in developing countries, Journal of Vacation Marketing (Source: Oppermann, M and Chon, KS (1999). Tourism in developing countries, Journal of Vacation Marketing, 5, 3, pp. 301-302) Tourism is probably the only services sector that provides concrete trading opportunities for all nations, regardless of their level of development. In many developing countries, tourism makes a greater contribution to foreign earnings than such other major exports as textile and clothing or agriculture, without encountering the same magnitude of trade barriers.(www.unctadxi.org) Certain countries also view small-scale niche tourism as having greater potential for increasing local multipliers by enhancing links with agriculture and other sectors. Moreover, small-scale niche tourism tends to reduce spatial inequalities through wider dispersal of enterprises. This should, in theory, stimulate tourist mobility and a more even distribution of tourism expenditure (Brohman, 1996). Finally, due to its smaller scale, niche tourism is portrayed as a more environmentally and culturally sensitive strategy for rural development. Rapid tourism development and non-local investment tend to marginalise some segments of local communities by exacerbating the inequalities between the poor and those who have more capital. When the poor benefit from tourism, it is usually as street vendors or casual labourers (e.g., porters or low level assistants in hotels, lodges, and tour organisations). Challenges for developing countries:- Lack of education Lack of marketable assets Lack of accommodation/facilities Lack of financial capital Even though terrorist attacks and global warming are putting some people off from traveling, the global picture is clear; people are traveling more and more every year. Tourism industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Governments of the developing countries involved in the tourism industry have realized the importance of the industry for social and economic development and for job creation. This approach has led to bigger investments in tourism infrastructure in developing countries and so does the sustainability of tourism industry. It is supposed that Asian countries will be the fastest growing tourism players. The emerging middle class and the higher disposable income are the key factors for the sustainability of Tourism Industry in developing countries. Tourism in developing countries not only provides material benefits for the poor, but can also bring cultural pride, a sense of ownership and control, reduced vulnerability through diversification and the de velopment of skills and entrepreneurial capacity. The developing countries will thus be increasingly important and they will not only be a luring destination for foreigners but they will also become an important source market. Article 4: Environment justice and sustainable Tourism: THE MISSING CULTURE LINK (Source: Blanca Camargo, Katy Lane, and Tazim Jamal (2007), The George Wright Forum, Volume 24 Number 3) San Francisco Peaks in Arizona provides a birth place to many creation stories. Due to global warming resort management developed a plan to convert the sewage water into snow. This is one of the examples where cultural justice is embedded into sustainable development. The mountains were now used as a financial gain rather than living place. Seeing this Ninth Circuit court gave the decision of save the peaks coalition. The basic aim of sustainability tourism is conservation of environment and socio-economic well being. Thus the study of cultural impacts is important so as to focus on various issues such as interpretation, cultural survival, heritage issue etc. The other important aspects and contribution towards sustainability is the tangible (worship of fire, practices at burial sites etc) and intangible (mystical, identity, collective temporary etc) environment. It is a relationship between human and their biophysical world which help to give importance to cultural justice. Cultural sustainability can be said for the groups of people try to retain or adapt elements of culture which are distinguishing them from other people. Attention has been directed towards the sustainability of destinations and their sources. It grows to continue at the international levels which give rise to economic of the country. The World commission on Environment and Development (WCED) distinguished between the public and private spaces in order for sustainable development. It not only meets the demands of present tourist but also enhances the protection of natural resources. It also fulfils the economic, social, and aesthetic need which helps the supports system. Equity is another basic important aspect of sustainability. It starts with addressing people the issues of cultural justice and equity in natural areas destinations giving impact, across different social groups within a destination area. Still, injustices are commonly seen as it affects community labour and natural habitats, which is the major element of society. It is a balance between environment and economic development. The environmental justice movement is mainly concern about environmental risks the low income of people which is the major issue of the society. It helps tourist to identify its destinations and monitoring potential environmental issues. It can act as a good reminder to people to maintain their environment and creating awareness between people for social gatherings for maintenance of ecosystem. For example, the places which are open for tourist should be used for learning the purpose and to enjoy natural areas. While those residential places should be restricted for tourists for performing their cultural activities taking place. In other words, the major aspect of cultural sustainability is to have proper management and planning facilities which will in decision making if various cultural goods. The cultural justice as described earlier may assist in creating various policies and laws by the government and development programs which will help to create awareness between people. It contributes further to an already complex domain. One of the major concerns that researchers have is that many times cultural sustainability is not been taken into account of Cultural and Social Issues as separate phenomena but rather they are treated as either of the two. Then cultural sustainability also takes a lot of time to frame itself and also that the indicators are intangible. Therefore the measurement of cultural factors proves to be a major hurdle in cultural sustainability. Thus it is important for the people to understand that Land does not just represent a physical space, but it also represents various physical, symbolic, spiritual, and social identities of human cultures. Article 5: Sustainable Tourism in Goa (A pictorial view of tourism) (Source: Dr Nirmala De Abreu Conference on Tourism in India Challenges Ahead, 15-17 May 2008, IIMK) Goa is one of the most visited places in India with a large number of international and domestic tourists each year. Goa is renowned for its beaches, places of worship and world heritage architecture. It also has rich flora and fauna, owing to its location on the Western Ghats range, which is classified as a biodiversity hotspot. The state is although one of the smallest state in India but still holds one of the highest FDI received state in the country. The government of Goa has therefore declared Goa as a tourist hub. The place is also filled with rich heritage Portuguese culture which also includes old buildings, churches and even alcohol which is available very cheaply. The beautiful beaches of Goa are the main tourist attraction of the region and therefore there has been an increased concern over the sustainability of tourism in Goa due to its small size and over crowdedness. Tourism is generally focused on the coastal areas of Goa, with decreased tourist activity inland. Goa has two main tourist seasons i.e. winter and summer. In the winter time, tourists from abroad (mainly Europe) come to Goa to enjoy the splendid climate. In the summers (which, in Goa, is the rainy season), tourists from across India come to spend the holidays. Thus at any given time tourists are flooding Goa at all time of the year and is therefore appropriately associated as a Goa- a 356 day holiday. The main types of tourism are Beach tourism, Adventure tourism, Yoga tourism etc. Goa faces the issue of sustainability of tourism on the basis of ecological and cultural sensitivity. One of the issue raised by the author is that the survival of Olive Ridley turtles which are famous in Goa. As tourism increases the turtles are finding it hard to search for places to hatch eggs as resorts or people have taken their nesting places. Due to a wide number of foreign tourists in the area it has become hard to maintain an balance between the local people and the international tourists. The local community is the major Stake holder in the sustainability of tourism in Goa as they have to play an important role for a successful and smooth running of tourism industry. Many cultural biases in the people have created conflict between the locals and the foreigners. Issues like the locals stare are foreigners on beaches or even charge them very high for any local product which they want to buy. Tourists also face a lot of harassment from local vendors as they force tourists to b uy their products. Environmental issues faced by the people are depletion of water due to tourism and also pressure on land as there is limited availability of land in the region and the increasing tourist demand has forced resorts to locate themselves on prime tourist location. There is also an increased number of pollutants that are emitted in the atmosphere due to heavy traffic, plus there is increased concerns over noise pollution as well. A few recommendations have been suggested so as to provide a sustainable tourist environment in Goa. These include diversifying areas for tourists by not just concentrating on the beaches but also on other heritage landmarks and tourists spots across the state. To deal with the issue of local people guides and locals should be trained to hospitality management and also respect other cultures and accept them with an open mind. Also to curtail the issue of raising prices the government should set standard prices for products so as to reduce conflicts. Protection of foreign women has been a raging issue in Goa as there have been frequent issues of rape and molestation on women, this is also largely due to the availability of drugs in the market. Thus government should take essential steps to curtail drug circulation and also fix some comeback hours for hotel guests. Thus if appropriate steps are not taken to sustain the ever growing tourist industry in the tiny state it wont be that far when the same industry that has been a boon for the state turns out to be a night mare. Article 6: Ecological footprint analysis as a tool to assess tourism Sustainability (Source: Gà ¶ssling, S., Borgstrà ¶m Hansson, C., Hà ¶rstmeierc, O, and Saggeld., S (2002). Ecological footprint analysis as a tool to assess tourism sustainability, Ecological Economics, 43, 2-3, pp. 199-211) Sustainable tourism is the major issue for the countries who believe in environmental integrated tourism. The article depicts how Seychelles an environmentally rich island has been affected by the increased number of tourism on the basis of ecological footprint. Ecological footprint is a measure of the load imposed by a given population on nature. It represents the area of the Earths surface necessary to sustain levels of resource consumption and waste discharge by that population. Tourism for Seychelles is the second largest source of gaining foreign exchange. To study how sustainable is tourism in Seychelles ecological footprint was calculated on the basis of a few indicators i.e. arable land, pasture, forest, sea space, built-up land and fossil energy land. Arable land, pastures and forests are measured from the statistics which are obtained from the country whereas the other three indicators are stringent to determine as there are many external factors taken into consideration to determine the other three indicators. Fossil fuel consumption for example is not just determined by the islands alone consumption but also by the fact that the consumption of fuels by the incoming and outgoing flights from the region and that too for the sole purpose of tourism. The results of the ecological footprint are quite alarming when the country believes to achieve Environmental Impact Assessment as a key to increasing tourism. On the other hand Seychelles has protected a proportion of its island as restricted area and has thus has shown that tourism development and ecosystem conservation are in balance. Seychelles has a large amount of foreign exchange generated due to tourism and which is utilized for the imports of various commodities which include oil, food supplies, wood etc. Now, considering the amount of land which is unexplored or unutilized it is been argued that this land could be used in order to obtain the above needed resources. Thus the country faces a trade-off between imports and land conservation. The amount of CO2 and other harmful emissions from aircraft has also gained wide speculation on the belief that Seychelles is sustainable to tourism. Energy saving devices and use of renewable energy has just marginally served the purpose b ut the main purpose of sustaining tourism is limit the transport distances of aircraft, as a short distance in the locality might prove ecologically beneficial. The energy distribution or consumption in the island is also not viable as just a single resort in the vicinity of the island consumes much greater energy than the neighboring town. Ecological footprint analysis (EFA) although is a good way to asses tourism sustainability but it is quite difficult to obtain the EFA indicators as many times sufficient data is not available. For example the amount of CO2 or other emissions from the aircraft cannot be measured and as per how much harm it does to the island cannot be measured. Environmental degradation similar to El Nino can be claimed to be due to some natural calamity but similar coral degradation surrounding the island cannot be overlooked. Unsustainable management of the biosphere, for example clear-cutting a rainforest for agriculture would seem to increase the ecological efficiency because the yield factor of cropland is higher than that of forestry. So thus if a few limitations are overlooked then EFA indicators are the best way for Seychelles to achieve sustainability in tourism. Article 7: SUSTAINABILITY INDICATORS FOR MANAGING TOURISM (Source: HwanSuk, Choia, and Sirakayab, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism, Tourism Management, 27, 6, December, pp. 1274-1289) In this globalised world of capitalism, transportation has played a major role which helps to develop tourism into the worlds largest industries. This tourism has brought a tremendous contribution to the economics of the world. Although it has brought prosperity to the society still it has negative social and cultural impacts and environmental degradation in society. It has damaged all the natural resources and socio-cultural environment of many tourist places. Taking all aspects into considerations World Commission on environment and development (WCED) formed various organisations that will take care of the ecosystem. Basically, it needs tourism planning, management, and development option. This will result in sustainable development to the tradition of neo- classical model. Many individual countries have defined their own national policies and strategys for the development of sustainability. The basic aim of the committee should fulfil the local economic benefits and protect the natural resources. Sustainable tourism has also given rise to the third dimension aspect of literature which includes social, cultural, and ecological dimensions. They also thought of political, and technological. This gave an impact on tourism which led it to the progress for forming a frame work. William Ogburn was the first one to use the term social indicators, which forms a component in sustainable development. The objective indicators act as a central part of monitoring everything. They form the major tool for income, employment, and attract visitors. The efforts were not only seen in micro level but went up to macro level taking all aspects into consideration. It included various methodologies like the survey instrument, data collection/ findings, discussion and conclusion. These four components are the key conditions for sustainable tourism development. These indicators help the local to understand the condition of resources to have a helping hand for the development of the ecosystem. These should be planned and govern by the stakeholders. For maximising the sustainable tourism development residents should have various communication channels which are interlinked with each other to have a better co- ordination between various stakeholders. For example, the sustainability goal of a small region with a large population would differ from that of large communities with a small population. Thus the indicators should satisfy and precept the role of sustainable tourism development, in order to extend the current situation. Though they have different approaches still they have one role in common that is achieving sustainability. In short, the approach towards sustainable tourism development should always be ecological and should be responsible for all social, political, economical, technological aspects. Article 8: TOURISM AS A KEY TO SUSTAINABLE MOUNTAIN DEVELOPMENT: THE NEPALESE HIMALAYAS IN RETROSPECT (Source: S.K. Nepal (2002), Unasylva 208, Vol. 53) Tourism is one of the largest industries in the world. Mountainous tourism plays an important aspect in economic development and environmental conservation. Hector Ceballos-Lascurian has termed this word ecotourism. It can also be defined as Travelling which does not disturb the surrounding and maintains the existing culture (Ceballos-Lascurain,1987). It can also be defined as the last hope preservation and protection of various species and ecosystem (Smeral, 1996). And tourism particularly in Nepal where mountains contribute about 80% of the land mass and 20-30% of total volume of tourism which forms homes of various biological and cultural diversity acts as an incoming source to many people which form the major aspects of the Nepalese Himalayas. Most of the peaks in the Himalayas are promoted as an adventure spot rather than studying point. However such tourism gave rise to both negative and positive points. Several exposures to tourism brought disruption of local culture, traditions etc. Thus it is necessary for the mountain tourism to be based on sustainability which includes many aspects such as sound environmental practices, equality and long term benefits. Basically, sustainability encompasses ecological, economical and social components, giving rise to major three components of mountain tourism in the Nepalese Himalayas those are as follows: Conservation of natural resources Improvement of quality of life of local population Enhancement of visitors satisfaction. Nepal mainly compromises of three major regions the Annapurna, Everest and the Lang tang regions, where Annapurna -conservation area and Everest and Lang tang- national parks. Basically, all these areas were more exploded by foreign mountaineering which has made them more popular and famous. Thomas Cook offered the first tour of Nepal for the Western visitors, which led to prosperity and popularity to intermediate level. This popularity brought both positive and negative points within itself, by changing Nepal from an exotic destination to that of a cheap rugged and dirty destination. Due to lack of regulation and improper management the beauty of Himalayas was leading nothing but landscape degradation. Many things like garbage, pollution, extraction of natural resources came with it in such a way that it lead to destructions of things. Trekking traffic puts great pressure on mountain traits which were more seen in higher altitudes and where the vegetation was poor. Accumulation of g arbage by the trekkers formed the major issue of mountains. Thus the sustainability of tourism industry in Nepal came under sever scrutiny. In 1991 Sagarmath pollution control committee (SPCC) was established to solve these problems. It has collected up to 250 tones of garbage per year. Despite all these problems the Nepalese Himalayas has been a boon to the local economy. It has under wined the difference between the poorer and the rich. New habitats were developed by people giving a new way towards society. It increased the awareness of the effects of tourism and therefore started planning various conservation programs. People are trying to manage their resources sustainably by the means of energy conservation. The government undertook programs where locals and visiting tourists took an active initiation. Without these programs initiated by the government the sustainability of tourism was under threat. Such reforms by the government are not only seen in Nepalese Himalayas but throughout the world. Thus mountain tourism in the Nepalese Himalayas represents the dilemma of conservation and development being debated the context of suitability development. Thus if the mystical, spiritual and wilderness image of the Nepalese Himalayas is to be restored and capitalised on, then there must be concrete efforts towards tourism development that is sustainable in ecological, economic and social terms. Article 9: Sustainable tourism in Maldives (source: Journal by Ron Gluckman in Maldives) The Maldives have got a nickname known as Paradise. This place is being well equipped by natural beauties which make the place equal to the word paradise. But even Maldives is facing issues related to sustainable tourism. The Maldives 70 percent of the GDP comes from their tourism in their country which makes the government regulate many policies to make the tourism in a sustainable way. Now it been seen that the government is not successes by 100 percent. The problems which the Maldives face due to the tourism are global warming and the wastes disposed of by the resorts. A one-meter rise in the sea level can swamp 80 percent of the Maldives. The no of tourists to this spot is being increasing year by year, but the resorts available to accommodate them are very less when compared. And the existing resorts are creating problems with their waste disposal. Summary of Key Findings: Sustainable tourism is an industry committed to making a low impact on the environment and local culture while helping to generate income and employment for local people (Coccossis, 1996). The aim of sustainable tourism is to ensure that development is a positive experience for local people; tourism companies; and tourists themselves. Sustainable tourism can be taken in four different interpretations that include economic sustainability of tourism, the ecologically sustainable tourism, sustainable tourism development with both focus of environment as well as long-term feasibility of the industry and finally tourism as a part of a strategy for sustainable development (Farsari, 2000). In all the articles that have been critically analysed above all the issues regarding the sustainability of tourism is mentioned. Government as a Stakeholder:- Tourism is one of the many external forces influencing the direction and options for national development. The question of whether tourism can be sustainable that is, whether it can contribute to local sustainable development is rightfully addressed in the context of the involvement of Government bodies. A truly practical discussion on sustainable tourism must take place within the government authorities and the communities that are being influenced by tourist industry development. It must create accountability of the tourism industry to locally-defined development visions. Like for example the government of Goa has now put in strict regulation on building of Resorts on beaches as it results in the degradation of precious species. Training local people or industries is also one of the important duties governments should play in order to achieve sustainable development of tourism and therefore in the barrier reef the Private sector industries will initially be directed by the governme nt as per the working of the Great Barrier Reef and only then will it be handed out to them. The articles reviewed shows that profits may be increased simply by adopting some general environmental principles, such as recycling waste, planning for long-term sustainability, and seeking local partnerships for the preservation of a reef. If these actions result in cleaner, less crowded, holiday resorts, then they are in effect sustainable tourism without being labelled so. Strict norms and rules should be setup by the government so as to see through efficiency in the tourism industry. Short-term government focus is no good for the countries as that would lead to short term gains and long term losses. In Nepal, the government is not imposing strict regulations on the garbage dumping carried out by the tourists at high altitudes. Environmental Degradation due to Tourism:- Like other economic activities, tourism consumes resources. Today, tourism is one of the major economic activities in the world. The environmental effects, widely defined, include cultural and social elements and are probably the biggest problem of tourism. Areas, where overcrowding and overdevelopment occur, are often relatively small and possess fragile environments. At peak season visitors can outnumber the resident population. Environmental impact of tourism is most visible in tourist destinations, but effects are also visible at points of origin and transit (McKercher B, 1993). For example, the output of aircraft, ferries, buses, cars equipment and promotional material consumes productive and energy resources and generates waste in origin areas while travelling long distances creates pollution in the atmosphere and adversely effects th